Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640) was born in Sieggen in Germany. He was an important Flemish painter, draughtsman en diplomat. Rubens travelled to Italy, where he was inspired by Classical art and the work of modern Italian masters such as Caravaggio. Rubens spent time in Spain on a diplomatic mission. In 1609, he became court painter to Archduke Albrecht of Austria (at Brussels). In this period he accepted major commissions for churches and public buildings.

Working in the Flemish Baroque style, Rubens was renowned for his high degree of skill in every genre: in depictions of biblical and mythological scenes and historical events, in portraits, landscapes, still lifes and representations of animals. His versatility is also evident in his many drawings. Rubens maintained a large studio with many pupils. His home and workplace in Antwerp can still be visited today.